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{ | ||
"editor.formatOnSave": true, | ||
"explorer.excludeGitIgnore": true, | ||
"latex-workshop.latex.autoBuild.run": "never", | ||
"filewatcher.commands": [ | ||
{ | ||
"match":"trees/", | ||
"isAsync": true, | ||
"cmd": "cd ${currentWorkspace} && make", | ||
"event": "onFolderChange" | ||
} | ||
] | ||
} |
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\title{Abel Group} | ||
\taxon{Definition} | ||
\p{ | ||
If in a group #{G}, #{\forall a,b\in G, a\circ b=b\circ a} then #{G} is called an \strong{abelian (commutative) group}. | ||
If in a [group](def-0001) #{G}, #{\forall a,b\in G, a\circ b=b\circ a} then #{G} is called an \strong{abelian (commutative) group}. | ||
} |
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\title{Field} | ||
\taxon{Definition} | ||
\p{ | ||
A field is a set #{F} together with two binary operations #{+} and #{\times} on #{F} st #{(F,+)} is an abelian group (identity is #{0}) and #{(F-\{0\},\times)} is also an abelian group such that | ||
A field is a set #{F} together with two binary operations #{+} and #{\times} on #{F} st #{(F,+)} is an [abelian group](def-0002) (identity is #{0}) and #{(F-\{0\},\times)} is also an abelian group such that | ||
#{a\times(b+c)=a\times b+a\times c,\forall a,b,c\in F} | ||
} |
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\title{List} | ||
\taxon{Definition} | ||
\p{ | ||
Let #{n} be a natural number. A \strong{list} of length #{n} is an ordered collection of #{n} elements. | ||
##{ | ||
(x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n) | ||
} | ||
Two lists are equal if and only if they have the same length and the same elements in the same order. | ||
} | ||
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\strong{Addition in Lists} | ||
\p{ | ||
Let #{n} be a natural number. Let #{(x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n)} and #{(y_1, y_2, \dots, y_n)} be lists of length #{n}. The \strong{sum} of these lists is the list #{(x_1 + y_1, x_2 + y_2, \dots, x_n + y_n)}. | ||
} | ||
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\strong{Additive Inverse in Lists} | ||
\p{ | ||
Let #{n} be a natural number. Let #{x=(x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n)} be a list of length #{n}. The \strong{additive inverse} of this list is the list #{-x=(-x_1, -x_2, \dots, -x_n)}. | ||
} | ||
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\strong{Scalar Multiplication in Lists} | ||
\p{ | ||
Let #{n} be a natural number. Let #{x=(x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n)} be a list of length #{n}. Let #{c} be a real number. The \strong{scalar multiplication} of #{c} and #{x} is the list #{cx=(cx_1, cx_2, \dots, cx_n)}. | ||
} |
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\title{Vector Space} | ||
\taxon{Definition} | ||
\p{ | ||
A vector space over a [field](def-0006) #{F} is a non-empty set #{V} together with a binary operation and a binary function that satisfy the axioms listed below. | ||
In this context, the elements of #{F} are commonly called \strong{vectors}, and the elements of #{F} are called \strong{scalars}. | ||
\ul{ | ||
\li{Commutativity: #{ | ||
\forall x, y \in V, x + y = y + x | ||
} } | ||
\li{Associativity: #{ | ||
\forall x, y, z \in V, (x + y) + z = x + (y + z) | ||
} } | ||
\li{Additive Identity: #{ | ||
\exists 0 \in V \text{ such that } \forall x \in V, x + 0 = x | ||
} } | ||
\li{Multiplicative Identity: #{ | ||
\forall x \in V, 1x = x | ||
} } | ||
\li{Additive Inverse: #{ | ||
\forall x \in V, \exists y \in V \text{ such that } x + y = 0 | ||
} } | ||
\li{Distributivity: #{ | ||
\forall x, y \in V, \forall c, d \in F, c(x + y) = cx + cy, (c + d)x = cx + dx | ||
} } | ||
} | ||
} | ||
\p{ | ||
Elements of a vector space are called \strong{vectors} or \strong{points}. | ||
} |
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