diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/codelens/codelens_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/codelens/codelens_test.go
index bb8ad95ee19..c1f2c524232 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/codelens/codelens_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/codelens/codelens_test.go
@@ -261,9 +261,6 @@ module mod.com/a
 go 1.22
 
 require golang.org/x/hello v1.2.3
--- go.sum --
-golang.org/x/hello v1.2.3 h1:7Wesfkx/uBd+eFgPrq0irYj/1XfmbvLV8jZ/W7C2Dwg=
-golang.org/x/hello v1.2.3/go.mod h1:OgtlzsxVMUUdsdQCIDYgaauCTH47B8T8vofouNJfzgY=
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
@@ -282,6 +279,7 @@ require golang.org/x/hello v1.3.3
 `
 
 	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 		ProxyFiles(proxyWithLatest),
 	).Run(t, shouldUpdateDep, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 		env.RunGoCommand("mod", "vendor")
@@ -335,11 +333,6 @@ require golang.org/x/hello v1.0.0
 require golang.org/x/unused v1.0.0
 
 // EOF
--- go.sum --
-golang.org/x/hello v1.0.0 h1:qbzE1/qT0/zojAMd/JcPsO2Vb9K4Bkeyq0vB2JGMmsw=
-golang.org/x/hello v1.0.0/go.mod h1:WW7ER2MRNXWA6c8/4bDIek4Hc/+DofTrMaQQitGXcco=
-golang.org/x/unused v1.0.0 h1:LecSbCn5P3vTcxubungSt1Pn4D/WocCaiWOPDC0y0rw=
-golang.org/x/unused v1.0.0/go.mod h1:ihoW8SgWzugwwj0N2SfLfPZCxTB1QOVfhMfB5PWTQ8U=
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
@@ -349,7 +342,10 @@ func main() {
 	_ = hi.Goodbye
 }
 `
-	WithOptions(ProxyFiles(proxy)).Run(t, shouldRemoveDep, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
+	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
+		ProxyFiles(proxy),
+	).Run(t, shouldRemoveDep, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 		env.OpenFile("go.mod")
 		env.RegexpReplace("go.mod", "// EOF", "// EOF unsaved edit") // unsaved edits ok
 		env.ExecuteCodeLensCommand("go.mod", command.Tidy, nil)
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/completion/completion_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/completion/completion_test.go
index fe6a367e71b..1d293fe9019 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/completion/completion_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/completion/completion_test.go
@@ -276,9 +276,6 @@ module mod.com
 go 1.14
 
 require example.com v1.2.3
--- go.sum --
-example.com v1.2.3 h1:ihBTGWGjTU3V4ZJ9OmHITkU9WQ4lGdQkMjgyLFk0FaY=
-example.com v1.2.3/go.mod h1:Y2Rc5rVWjWur0h3pd9aEvK5Pof8YKDANh9gHA2Maujo=
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
@@ -295,6 +292,7 @@ func _() {
 }
 `
 	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 		ProxyFiles(proxy),
 	).Run(t, mod, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 		// Make sure the dependency is in the module cache and accessible for
@@ -347,9 +345,6 @@ module mod.com
 go 1.14
 
 require example.com v1.2.3
--- go.sum --
-example.com v1.2.3 h1:ihBTGWGjTU3V4ZJ9OmHITkU9WQ4lGdQkMjgyLFk0FaY=
-example.com v1.2.3/go.mod h1:Y2Rc5rVWjWur0h3pd9aEvK5Pof8YKDANh9gHA2Maujo=
 -- useblah.go --
 // +build hidden
 
@@ -361,7 +356,9 @@ package mainmod
 
 const Name = "mainmod"
 `
-	WithOptions(ProxyFiles(proxy)).Run(t, files, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
+	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
+		ProxyFiles(proxy)).Run(t, files, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 		env.CreateBuffer("import.go", "package pkg\nvar _ = mainmod.Name\n")
 		env.SaveBuffer("import.go")
 		content := env.ReadWorkspaceFile("import.go")
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/diagnostics/diagnostics_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/diagnostics/diagnostics_test.go
index 9e6c504cc86..c496f6464a3 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/diagnostics/diagnostics_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/diagnostics/diagnostics_test.go
@@ -421,9 +421,6 @@ module mod.com
 go 1.12
 
 require foo.test v1.2.3
--- go.sum --
-foo.test v1.2.3 h1:TMA+lyd1ck0TqjSFpNe4T6cf/K6TYkoHwOOcMBMjaEw=
-foo.test v1.2.3/go.mod h1:Ij3kyLIe5lzjycjh13NL8I2gX0quZuTdW0MnmlwGBL4=
 -- print.go --
 package lib
 
@@ -451,6 +448,7 @@ const Answer = 42
 
 func TestResolveDiagnosticWithDownload(t *testing.T) {
 	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 		ProxyFiles(testPackageWithRequireProxy),
 	).Run(t, testPackageWithRequire, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 		env.OpenFile("print.go")
@@ -1753,9 +1751,6 @@ module mod.com
 go 1.12
 
 require nested.com v1.0.0
--- go.sum --
-nested.com v1.0.0 h1:I6spLE4CgFqMdBPc+wTV2asDO2QJ3tU0YAT+jkLeN1I=
-nested.com v1.0.0/go.mod h1:ly53UzXQgVjSlV7wicdBB4p8BxfytuGT1Xcyv0ReJfI=
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
@@ -1779,6 +1774,7 @@ package hello
 func helloHelper() {}
 `
 	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 		ProxyFiles(proxy),
 		Modes(Default),
 	).Run(t, nested, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/configuration_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/configuration_test.go
index 1077c21ac36..6d588a7d3da 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/configuration_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/configuration_test.go
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ var ErrFoo = errors.New("foo")
 		cfg.Env = map[string]string{
 			"AN_ARBITRARY_VAR": "FOO",
 		}
-		cfg.Settings = map[string]interface{}{
+		cfg.Settings = map[string]any{
 			"staticcheck": true,
 		}
 		env.ChangeConfiguration(cfg)
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/definition_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/definition_test.go
index 95054977e14..d36bb024672 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/definition_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/definition_test.go
@@ -466,10 +466,6 @@ module example.com/a
 go 1.14
 require other.com/b v1.0.0
 
--- go.sum --
-other.com/b v1.0.0 h1:1wb3PMGdet5ojzrKl+0iNksRLnOM9Jw+7amBNqmYwqk=
-other.com/b v1.0.0/go.mod h1:TgHQFucl04oGT+vrUm/liAzukYHNxCwKNkQZEyn3m9g=
-
 -- a.go --
 package a
 import "other.com/b"
@@ -477,6 +473,7 @@ const _ = b.K
 
 `
 	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 		ProxyFiles(proxy),
 		Modes(Default), // fails in 'experimental' mode
 	).Run(t, src, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/highlight_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/highlight_test.go
index 9e3dd980464..e4da558e5d0 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/highlight_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/highlight_test.go
@@ -95,9 +95,6 @@ module mod.com
 go 1.12
 
 require example.com v1.2.3
--- go.sum --
-example.com v1.2.3 h1:WFzrgiQJwEDJNLDUOV1f9qlasQkvzXf2UNLaNIqbWsI=
-example.com v1.2.3/go.mod h1:Y2Rc5rVWjWur0h3pd9aEvK5Pof8YKDANh9gHA2Maujo=
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
@@ -110,6 +107,7 @@ func main() {}`
 
 	WithOptions(
 		ProxyFiles(proxy),
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 	).Run(t, mod, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 		env.OpenFile("main.go")
 
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/references_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/references_test.go
index 73e4fffe3b8..e84dcd71dc3 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/references_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/references_test.go
@@ -376,10 +376,6 @@ module example.com/a
 go 1.14
 require other.com/b v1.0.0
 
--- go.sum --
-other.com/b v1.0.0 h1:9WyCKS+BLAMRQM0CegP6zqP2beP+ShTbPaARpNY31II=
-other.com/b v1.0.0/go.mod h1:TgHQFucl04oGT+vrUm/liAzukYHNxCwKNkQZEyn3m9g=
-
 -- a.go --
 package a
 import "other.com/b"
@@ -388,6 +384,7 @@ var _ b.B
 
 `
 	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 		ProxyFiles(proxy),
 		Modes(Default), // fails in 'experimental' mode
 	).Run(t, src, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/vendor_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/vendor_test.go
index f3bed9082b7..6606772737e 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/vendor_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/vendor_test.go
@@ -31,9 +31,6 @@ module mod.com
 go 1.14
 
 require golang.org/x/hello v1.2.3
--- go.sum --
-golang.org/x/hello v1.2.3 h1:EcMp5gSkIhaTkPXp8/3+VH+IFqTpk3ZbpOhqk0Ncmho=
-golang.org/x/hello v1.2.3/go.mod h1:WW7ER2MRNXWA6c8/4bDIek4Hc/+DofTrMaQQitGXcco=
 -- vendor/modules.txt --
 -- a/a1.go --
 package a
@@ -48,6 +45,7 @@ func _() {
 	WithOptions(
 		Modes(Default),
 		ProxyFiles(basicProxy),
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 	).Run(t, pkgThatUsesVendoring, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 		env.OpenFile("a/a1.go")
 		d := &protocol.PublishDiagnosticsParams{}
@@ -71,9 +69,6 @@ module mod.com
 go 1.14
 
 require golang.org/x/hello v1.2.3
--- go.sum --
-golang.org/x/hello v1.2.3 h1:EcMp5gSkIhaTkPXp8/3+VH+IFqTpk3ZbpOhqk0Ncmho=
-golang.org/x/hello v1.2.3/go.mod h1:WW7ER2MRNXWA6c8/4bDIek4Hc/+DofTrMaQQitGXcco=
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
@@ -86,6 +81,7 @@ func main() {
 	WithOptions(
 		Modes(Default),
 		ProxyFiles(basicProxy),
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 	).Run(t, src, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 		env.OpenFile("main.go")
 		env.AfterChange(NoDiagnostics())
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/vuln_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/vuln_test.go
index 9f6061c43d9..9dad13179af 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/vuln_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/misc/vuln_test.go
@@ -368,13 +368,6 @@ require (
 	golang.org/amod v1.0.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/bmod v0.5.0 // indirect
 )
--- go.sum --
-golang.org/amod v1.0.0 h1:EUQOI2m5NhQZijXZf8WimSnnWubaFNrrKUH/PopTN8k=
-golang.org/amod v1.0.0/go.mod h1:yvny5/2OtYFomKt8ax+WJGvN6pfN1pqjGnn7DQLUi6E=
-golang.org/bmod v0.5.0 h1:KgvUulMyMiYRB7suKA0x+DfWRVdeyPgVJvcishTH+ng=
-golang.org/bmod v0.5.0/go.mod h1:f6o+OhF66nz/0BBc/sbCsshyPRKMSxZIlG50B/bsM4c=
-golang.org/cmod v1.1.3 h1:PJ7rZFTk7xGAunBRDa0wDe7rZjZ9R/vr1S2QkVVCngQ=
-golang.org/cmod v1.1.3/go.mod h1:eCR8dnmvLYQomdeAZRCPgS5JJihXtqOQrpEkNj5feQA=
 -- x/x.go --
 package x
 
@@ -497,7 +490,7 @@ func vulnTestEnv(proxyData string) (*vulntest.DB, []RunOption, error) {
 		"_GOPLS_TEST_BINARY_RUN_AS_GOPLS": "true", // needed to run `gopls vulncheck`.
 		"GOSUMDB":                         "off",
 	}
-	return db, []RunOption{ProxyFiles(proxyData), ev, settings}, nil
+	return db, []RunOption{ProxyFiles(proxyData), ev, settings, WriteGoSum(".")}, nil
 }
 
 func TestRunVulncheckPackageDiagnostics(t *testing.T) {
@@ -675,7 +668,7 @@ func TestRunGovulncheck_Expiry(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
-func stringify(a interface{}) string {
+func stringify(a any) string {
 	data, _ := json.Marshal(a)
 	return string(data)
 }
@@ -814,9 +807,6 @@ go 1.18
 
 require golang.org/bmod v0.5.0
 
--- go.sum --
-golang.org/bmod v0.5.0 h1:MT/ysNRGbCiURc5qThRFWaZ5+rK3pQRPo9w7dYZfMDk=
-golang.org/bmod v0.5.0/go.mod h1:k+zl+Ucu4yLIjndMIuWzD/MnOHy06wqr3rD++y0abVs=
 -- x/x.go --
 package x
 
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/modfile/modfile_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/modfile/modfile_test.go
index 243bb04e960..5a194246a42 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/modfile/modfile_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/modfile/modfile_test.go
@@ -808,7 +808,6 @@ go 1.12
 require (
 	example.com v1.2.3
 )
--- go.sum --
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
@@ -918,11 +917,6 @@ module mod.com
 go 1.12
 
 require hasdep.com v1.2.3
--- go.sum --
-example.com v1.2.3 h1:ihBTGWGjTU3V4ZJ9OmHITkU9WQ4lGdQkMjgyLFk0FaY=
-example.com v1.2.3/go.mod h1:Y2Rc5rVWjWur0h3pd9aEvK5Pof8YKDANh9gHA2Maujo=
-hasdep.com v1.2.3 h1:00y+N5oD+SpKoqV1zP2VOPawcW65Zb9NebANY3GSzGI=
-hasdep.com v1.2.3/go.mod h1:ePVZOlez+KZEOejfLPGL2n4i8qiAjrkhQZ4wcImqAes=
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
@@ -957,19 +951,13 @@ go 1.12
 
 require hasdep.com v1.2.3
 require random.com v1.2.3
--- go.sum --
-example.com v1.2.3 h1:ihBTGWGjTU3V4ZJ9OmHITkU9WQ4lGdQkMjgyLFk0FaY=
-example.com v1.2.3/go.mod h1:Y2Rc5rVWjWur0h3pd9aEvK5Pof8YKDANh9gHA2Maujo=
-hasdep.com v1.2.3 h1:00y+N5oD+SpKoqV1zP2VOPawcW65Zb9NebANY3GSzGI=
-hasdep.com v1.2.3/go.mod h1:ePVZOlez+KZEOejfLPGL2n4i8qiAjrkhQZ4wcImqAes=
-random.com v1.2.3 h1:PzYTykzqqH6+qU0dIgh9iPFbfb4Mm8zNBjWWreRKtx0=
-random.com v1.2.3/go.mod h1:8EGj+8a4Hw1clAp8vbaeHAsKE4sbm536FP7nKyXO+qQ=
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
 func main() {}
 `
 		WithOptions(
+			WriteGoSum("."),
 			ProxyFiles(proxy),
 		).Run(t, mod, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 			d := &protocol.PublishDiagnosticsParams{}
@@ -1010,7 +998,6 @@ go 1.12
 require (
 	example.com v1.2.3
 )
--- go.sum --
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
@@ -1078,7 +1065,6 @@ func Goodbye() {
 module mod.com
 
 go 1.12
--- go.sum --
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/watch/setting_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/watch/setting_test.go
index abd9799c584..2a825a5b937 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/watch/setting_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/watch/setting_test.go
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ package subdir
 // use (true|false) or some other truthy value.
 func TestSubdirWatchPatterns_BadValues(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
-		badValue    interface{}
+		badValue    any
 		wantMessage string
 	}{
 		{true, "invalid type bool (want string)"},
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/watch/watch_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/watch/watch_test.go
index 3fb1ab546a6..340ceb5ebf7 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/watch/watch_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/watch/watch_test.go
@@ -525,9 +525,6 @@ module mod.com
 go 1.12
 
 require example.com v1.2.2
--- go.sum --
-example.com v1.2.3 h1:OnPPkx+rW63kj9pgILsu12MORKhSlnFa3DVRJq1HZ7g=
-example.com v1.2.3/go.mod h1:Y2Rc5rVWjWur0h3pd9aEvK5Pof8YKDANh9gHA2Maujo=
 -- main.go --
 package main
 
@@ -537,7 +534,9 @@ func main() {
 	blah.X()
 }
 `
-	WithOptions(ProxyFiles(proxy)).Run(t, mod, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
+	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
+		ProxyFiles(proxy)).Run(t, mod, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 		env.WriteWorkspaceFiles(map[string]string{
 			"go.mod": `module mod.com
 
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/metadata_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/metadata_test.go
index 59dfec3ad97..71ca4329777 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/metadata_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/metadata_test.go
@@ -217,9 +217,6 @@ module b.com/nested
 go 1.18
 
 require b.com/other v1.4.6
--- go.sum --
-b.com/other v1.4.6 h1:pHXSzGsk6DamYXp9uRdDB9A/ZQqAN9it+JudU0sBf94=
-b.com/other v1.4.6/go.mod h1:T0TYuGdAHw4p/l0+1P/yhhYHfZRia7PaadNVDu58OWM=
 -- nested.go --
 package nested
 
@@ -228,6 +225,7 @@ import "b.com/other/foo"
 const C = foo.Foo
 `
 	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 		ProxyFiles(proxy),
 	).Run(t, files, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 		env.OnceMet(
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/standalone_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/standalone_test.go
index d837899f7fb..3b690465744 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/standalone_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/standalone_test.go
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ func main() {}
 		)
 
 		cfg := env.Editor.Config()
-		cfg.Settings = map[string]interface{}{
+		cfg.Settings = map[string]any{
 			"standaloneTags": []string{"ignore"},
 		}
 		env.ChangeConfiguration(cfg)
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/vendor_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/vendor_test.go
index f14cf539de0..10826430164 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/vendor_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/vendor_test.go
@@ -36,10 +36,6 @@ module example.com/a
 go 1.14
 require other.com/b v1.0.0
 
--- go.sum --
-other.com/b v1.0.0 h1:ct1+0RPozzMvA2rSYnVvIfr/GDHcd7oVnw147okdi3g=
-other.com/b v1.0.0/go.mod h1:bfTSZo/4ZtAQJWBYScopwW6n9Ctfsl2mi8nXsqjDXR8=
-
 -- a.go --
 package a
 
@@ -49,6 +45,7 @@ var _ b.B
 
 `
 	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 		ProxyFiles(proxy),
 		Modes(Default),
 	).Run(t, src, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
diff --git a/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/workspace_test.go b/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/workspace_test.go
index 587ac522c41..00d4d81e021 100644
--- a/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/workspace_test.go
+++ b/gopls/internal/test/integration/workspace/workspace_test.go
@@ -309,9 +309,6 @@ module a.com
 require c.com v1.2.3
 
 exclude b.com v1.2.3
--- go.sum --
-c.com v1.2.3 h1:n07Dz9fYmpNqvZMwZi5NEqFcSHbvLa9lacMX+/g25tw=
-c.com v1.2.3/go.mod h1:/4TyYgU9Nu5tA4NymP5xyqE8R2VMzGD3TbJCwCOvHAg=
 -- main.go --
 package a
 
@@ -320,6 +317,7 @@ func main() {
 }
 `
 	WithOptions(
+		WriteGoSum("."),
 		ProxyFiles(proxy),
 	).Run(t, files, func(t *testing.T, env *Env) {
 		env.OnceMet(