Add backup option to link action

README.md

@@ -175,19 +175,20 @@ Link commands support an optional extended configuration. In this type of
 configuration, instead of specifying source locations directly, targets are
 mapped to extended configuration dictionaries.
 
-| Parameter | Explanation |
-| --- | --- |
-| `path` | The source for the symlink, the same as in the shortcut syntax (default: null, automatic (see below)) |
-| `create` | When true, create parent directories to the link as needed. (default: false) |
-| `relink` | Removes the old target if it's a symlink (default: false) |
-| `force` | Force removes the old target, file or folder, and forces a new link (default: false) |
-| `relative` | Use a relative path to the source when creating the symlink (default: false, absolute links) |
-| `canonicalize` | Resolve any symbolic links encountered in the source to symlink to the canonical path (default: true, real paths) |
-| `if` | Execute this in your `$SHELL` and only link if it is successful. |
-| `ignore-missing` | Do not fail if the source is missing and create the link anyway (default: false) |
-| `glob` | Treat `path` as a glob pattern, expanding patterns referenced below, linking all *files* matched. (default: false) |
-| `exclude` | Array of glob patterns to remove from glob matches. Uses same syntax as `path`. Ignored if `glob` is `false`. (default: empty, keep all matches) |
-| `prefix` | Prepend prefix prefix to basename of each file when linked, when `glob` is `true`. (default: '') |
+| Parameter        | Explanation                                                                                                                                      |
+|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| `path`           | The source for the symlink, the same as in the shortcut syntax (default: null, automatic (see below))                                            |
+| `create`         | When true, create parent directories to the link as needed. (default: false)                                                                     |
+| `relink`         | Removes the old target if it's a symlink (default: false)                                                                                        |
+| `force`          | Force removes the old target, file or folder, and forces a new link (default: false)                                                             |
+| `backup`         | Backup existing files/directories if they exist, creating a backup with suffix `.dotbot-backup (default: false)                                  |
+| `relative`       | Use a relative path to the source when creating the symlink (default: false, absolute links)                                                     |
+| `canonicalize`   | Resolve any symbolic links encountered in the source to symlink to the canonical path (default: true, real paths)                                |
+| `if`             | Execute this in your `$SHELL` and only link if it is successful.                                                                                 |
+| `ignore-missing` | Do not fail if the source is missing and create the link anyway (default: false)                                                                 |
+| `glob`           | Treat `path` as a glob pattern, expanding patterns referenced below, linking all *files* matched. (default: false)                               |
+| `exclude`        | Array of glob patterns to remove from glob matches. Uses same syntax as `path`. Ignored if `glob` is `false`. (default: empty, keep all matches) |
+| `prefix`         | Prepend prefix prefix to basename of each file when linked, when `glob` is `true`. (default: '')                                                 |
 
 When `glob: True`, Dotbot uses [glob.glob](https://docs.python.org/3/library/glob.html#glob.glob) to resolve glob paths, expanding Unix shell-style wildcards, which are **not** the same as regular expressions; Only the following are expanded:
 

dotbot/plugins/link.py

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ def _process_links(self, links):
             relink = defaults.get("relink", False)
             create = defaults.get("create", False)
             use_glob = defaults.get("glob", False)
+            backup = defaults.get("backup", False)
             base_prefix = defaults.get("prefix", "")
             test = defaults.get("if", None)
             ignore_missing = defaults.get("ignore-missing", False)
@@ -49,6 +50,7 @@ def _process_links(self, links):
                 relink = source.get("relink", relink)
                 create = source.get("create", create)
                 use_glob = source.get("glob", use_glob)
+                backup = source.get("backup", backup)
                 base_prefix = source.get("prefix", base_prefix)
                 ignore_missing = source.get("ignore-missing", ignore_missing)
                 exclude_paths = source.get("exclude", exclude_paths)
@@ -85,6 +87,8 @@ def _process_links(self, links):
                             canonical_path,
                             force,
                         )
+                    if backup:
+                        success &= self._backup(glob_link_destination)
                     success &= self._link(
                         glob_full_item,
                         glob_link_destination,
@@ -107,6 +111,8 @@ def _process_links(self, links):
                     continue
                 if force or relink:
                     success &= self._delete(path, destination, relative, canonical_path, force)
+                if backup:
+                    success &= self._backup(destination)
                 success &= self._link(path, destination, relative, canonical_path, ignore_missing)
         if success:
             self._log.info("All links have been set up")
@@ -197,6 +203,21 @@ def _create(self, path):
                 self._log.lowinfo("Creating directory %s" % parent)
         return success
 
+    def _backup(self, path):
+        success = True
+        if self._exists(path) and not self._is_link(path):
+            file_to_backup = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser(path))
+            backup_path = file_to_backup + ".dotbot-backup"
+            self._log.debug(f"Try to backup file {file_to_backup} to {backup_path}")
+            try:
+                os.rename(file_to_backup, backup_path)
+            except OSError:
+                self._log.warning(f"Failed to backup file {file_to_backup} to {backup_path}")
+                success = False
+            else:
+                self._log.lowinfo(f"Backed up file {file_to_backup} to {backup_path}")
+        return success
+
     def _delete(self, source, path, relative, canonical_path, force):
         success = True
         source = os.path.join(self._context.base_directory(canonical_path=canonical_path), source)

tests/test_link.py

@@ -175,6 +175,76 @@ def test_link_force_overwrite_symlink(home, dotfiles, run_dotbot):
     assert os.path.isfile(os.path.join(home, ".dir", "f"))
 
 
+def test_backup_is_created_if_destination_exists(home, dotfiles, run_dotbot):
+    """Verify that the backup directory is created if destination exists."""
+
+    os.mkdir(os.path.join(home, ".dir"))
+    dotfiles.write("dir")
+
+    config = [{"link": {"~/.dir": {"path": "dir", "backup": True}}}]
+    dotfiles.write_config(config)
+    run_dotbot()
+
+    assert os.path.exists(os.path.join(home, ".dir.dotbot-backup"))
+
+
+def test_backup_file_is_created_if_destination_exists(home, dotfiles, run_dotbot):
+    """Verify that a backup file is created if destination exists."""
+
+    open(os.path.join(home, ".file"), "a").close()
+    dotfiles.write("file")
+
+    config = [{"link": {"~/.file": {"path": "file", "backup": True}}}]
+    dotfiles.write_config(config)
+    run_dotbot()
+
+    assert os.path.exists(os.path.join(home, ".file.dotbot-backup"))
+
+
+def test_backup_file_not_created_if_link(home, dotfiles, run_dotbot):
+    """Verify that a backup file isn't created if destination is a symlink."""
+
+    open(os.path.join(home, "file"), "a").close()
+    dotfiles.write("file")
+    os.symlink(os.path.join(home, "file"), os.path.join(home, ".file"))
+
+    config = [{"link": {"~/.file": {"path": "file", "backup": True}}}]
+    dotfiles.write_config(config)
+    with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
+        run_dotbot()
+
+    assert not os.path.exists(os.path.join(home, ".file.dotbot-backup"))
+
+
+def test_backup_file_not_created_if_force(home, dotfiles, run_dotbot):
+    """Verify that a backup file is created while using force option."""
+
+    open(os.path.join(home, ".file"), "a").close()
+    dotfiles.write("file")
+
+    config = [{"link": {"~/.file": {"path": "file", "backup": True, "force": True}}}]
+    dotfiles.write_config(config)
+    run_dotbot()
+
+    assert not os.path.exists(os.path.join(home, ".file.dotbot-backup"))
+
+
+def test_backup_error_if_dest_already_exists(home, dotfiles, run_dotbot):
+    """Verify an error is thrown if the backup already exists."""
+
+    os.mkdir(os.path.join(home, ".dir"))
+    os.mkdir(os.path.join(home, ".dir.dotbot-backup"))
+    open(os.path.join(home, ".dir.dotbot-backup", "f"), "a").close()
+    dotfiles.write("dir")
+
+    config = [{"link": {"~/.dir": {"path": "dir", "backup": True}}}]
+    dotfiles.write_config(config)
+    with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
+        run_dotbot()
+
+    assert os.path.exists(os.path.join(home, ".dir.dotbot-backup", "f"))
+
+
 def test_link_glob_1(home, dotfiles, run_dotbot):
     """Verify globbing works."""