feat: introduce DOC503 for checking specific raised exceptions #398

Job	Run time
Test pre-commit console encoding	38s
Test Python 3.8 (ubuntu-latest)	56s
Test Python 3.9 (ubuntu-latest)	1m 2s
Test Python 3.10 (ubuntu-latest)	1m 0s
Test Python 3.11 (ubuntu-latest)	1m 7s
Test Python 3.12 (ubuntu-latest)	17s
Test Python 3.8 (windows-latest)	2m 30s
Test Python 3.9 (windows-latest)	2m 23s
Test Python 3.10 (windows-latest)	2m 16s
Test Python 3.11 (windows-latest)	2m 27s
Test Python 3.12 (windows-latest)	1m 13s
Test Python 3.8 (macOS-latest)	1m 14s
Test Python 3.9 (macOS-latest)	47s
Test Python 3.10 (macOS-latest)	45s
Test Python 3.11 (macOS-latest)	44s
Test Python 3.12 (macOS-latest)	15s
	19m 34s

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