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从mtfwiki搬来激素换算器 (#37)
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3 changes: 2 additions & 1 deletion .markdownlint.json
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{
"line-length": false,
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"MD033": false
}
177 changes: 177 additions & 0 deletions content/converter/_index.md
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---
title: '激素换算器'
description: '激素换算器'
date: 2020-10-26T04:15:05+08:00
draft: false
---

<div style="position: relative; display: flex; flex-direction: column">
<style>
input {
color: #495057;
border: 1px solid #ced4da;
border-radius: 0.25rem;
/*transition: border-color 0.15s ease-in-out, box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out;*/
padding: 1px;
height: 2em;
}
select {
color: #495057;
border: 1px solid #ced4da;
border-radius: 0.25rem;
/*transition: border-color 0.15s ease-in-out, box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out;*/
padding: 1px;
height: 2em;
}
input:focus {
color: #495057;
outline: 0;
border-image: url(/images/shadow-i.png) 30 30 stretch;
border-image-width: 3px;
border-image-outset: 0px;
}
table {
box-shadow: none !important;
border-collapse: collapse !important;
}
td {
border: none !important;
vertical-align: baseline !important;
}
</style>
<table style="margin: auto;">
<tr>
<td>
<span>原数据:</span>
</td>
<td>
<input type="text" id="val1" onkeyup="changed()" style="width: 10ex" />
</td>
<td>
<select id="in1" oninput="changed()">
<option value="1">pg</option>
<option value="1000">ng</option>
<option value="1000000">μg</option>
<option value="mol">pmol</option>
<option value="mol1000">nmol</option>
<option value="mIU">mIU</option>
<option value="uIU">μIU</option>
</select>
</td>
<td>
<span>/</span>
</td>
<td>
<select id="in2" oninput="changed()">
<option value="1">mL</option>
<option value="100">dL</option>
<option value="1000">L</option>
</select>
</td>
<td>
<select id="in3" oninput="changed()" style="display: none;">
<option value="272.38">雌二醇</option>
<option value="288.43">睾酮</option>
<option value="23000">泌乳素</option>
<option value="314.46">孕酮</option>
</select>
</td>
<td>
<select id="in4" oninput="changed()" style="display: none;">
<option value="47170">泌乳素</option>
<option value="113880">卵泡刺激素</option>
<option value="46.56">促黄体素</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span>转换为:</span>
</td>
<td>
<input id="result" style="width: 10ex" value="" readonly="true" />
</td>
<td>
<select id="out1" oninput="changed()">
<option value="1">pg</option>
<option value="1000">ng</option>
<option value="1000000">μg</option>
<option value="mol">pmol</option>
<option value="mol1000">nmol</option>
</select>
</td>
<td>
<span>/</span>
</td>
<td>
<select id="out2" oninput="changed()">
<option value="1">mL</option>
<option value="100">dL</option>
<option value="1000">L</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
function changed() {
var val = Number(window.document.getElementById("val1").value);
var in1 = window.document.getElementById("in1").value;
var in2 = window.document.getElementById("in2").value;
var in3 = Number(window.document.getElementById("in3").value);
var in4 = Number(window.document.getElementById("in4").value);
var out1 = window.document.getElementById("out1").value;
var out2 = window.document.getElementById("out2").value;
window.document.getElementById("in3").style.display = "none";
window.document.getElementById("in4").style.display = "none";
switch (in1) {
case "mol":
window.document.getElementById("in3").style.display = "inline-block";
val = val * in3;
break;
case "mol1000":
window.document.getElementById("in3").style.display = "inline-block";
val = val * 1000 * in3;
break;
case "mIU":
window.document.getElementById("in4").style.display = "inline-block";
val = val * in4;
break;
case "uIU":
window.document.getElementById("in4").style.display = "inline-block";
val = (val * in4) / 1000;
break;
default:
//window.document.getElementById("in3").style.visibility = "hidden";
val = val * Number(in1);
}
switch (out1) {
case "mol":
window.document.getElementById("in3").style.display = "inline-block";
val = val / in3;
break;
case "mol1000":
window.document.getElementById("in3").style.display = "inline-block";
val = (val * 0.001) / in3;
break;
default:
//window.document.getElementById("in3").style.visibility = "hidden";
val = val / Number(out1);
}
val = (val * out2) / in2;
if (isNaN(val)) {
window.document.getElementById("result").value = "数值错误"; //输出
} else {
window.document.getElementById("result").value = val; //输出
}
return;
}
</script>

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

---

注:部分医院可能使用[IU(国际单位)](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)作为衡量激素水平的单位,但由于IU为医学效价单位,其与质量单位的换算取决于药物种类且可能随时间变化,在此仅提供部分参考。详见 [单位科普 - 国际单位(IU)]({{< ref "science-literacy#国际单位iu" >}})
100 changes: 100 additions & 0 deletions content/converter/science-literacy.md
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---
title: '单位科普'
description: '一些基础知识'
---

## 国际单位(SI)

国际单位制(法语:Système International d'Unités,简称SI),是世界上最普遍采用的标准度量系统。国际单位制以七个基本单位为基础,由此建立起一系列相互换算关系明确的“一致单位”。

### 国际单位制词头

国际单位制词头表示单位的倍数和分数,下表是其部分节选:

| 中国大陆SI词头 | 英语SI词头 | 符号 | 10ⁿ | 十进制 |
| | | | 10⁰ | 1 |
|| deci | d | 10⁻¹ | 0.1 |
|| milli | m | 10⁻³ | 0.001 |
|| micro | µ | 10⁻⁶ | 0.000001 |
|| nano | n | 10⁻⁹ | 0.000000001 |
|| pico | p | 10⁻¹² | 0.000000000001 |

国际单位制词头适用于所有国际单位制,例如:

1 mol = 1000 mmol,1 µg = 0.001 mg

### 摩尔

摩尔是物质的量的国际单位,符号为摩尔。1摩尔任何物质中所含的基本微粒个数等于 6.02214076×10²³,即阿伏伽德罗常数。

例如,氢气和氧气反应生成水的方程式如下:

<div style="
position: relative;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
">
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<msubsup>
<mtext>H</mtext>
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<mn>2</mn>
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<mrow>
<mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
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<mo>+</mo>
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<mtext>O</mtext>
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<mn>2</mn>
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<mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
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</msubsup>
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<mtext>O</mtext>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {2H2 + O2 -&gt; 2H2O}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math>
</div>

这个方程式可以解释为:两个氢分子和一个氧分子反应产生两个水分子。而每完全进行 1 mol 该反应,以物质的量计,反应每生成 2 mol 水,就消耗 2 mol 氢气和 1 mol 氧气;以质量计,反应每生成 36 g 水,就消耗 4 g 氢气和 32 g 氧气。显而易见,物质的量可以方便化学定量计算。因而,物质的量是生物、化学等学科的常用单位。

摩尔质量定义为一摩尔某物质的质量,以克计量时在数值上等于该物质的相对分子质量(或相对原子质量)。例如水分子的相对分子质量约为 18.015,1 mol水的质量为 18.015克。

激素的物质的量和质量之间的单位换算也可以照着葫芦画瓢。例如,我们显然知道雌二醇的相对分子质量为 272.38,那么 100 pg/L 的雌二醇浓度就等于 100 / 272.38 pmol/mL,即 0.36713 pmol/mL,再复习一下我们上一节学习的国际单位制词头的转换, 0.36713 pmol/mL = 0.36713 × 1000 pmol/L,即 367.13 pmol / L。

## 国际单位(IU)

国际单位(英语:International unit,简写为IU)是用生物活性或生物效价来表示某些维生素、激素、某些药物如抗生素、疫苗、血液制剂、及类似的生物活性物质的药理计量单位。

制定国际单位来计数或计量,目的是为了更容易地比较对有机体产生相同作用的类似物质。例如食物中含有多种维生素A及维生素D的前体,可在体内转化为生物有效性的维生素,这些前驱物质及活性物质便均可以国际单位表示与比较其效价。此外,由于不同物质可有相同的生物作用,差异只在于生物活性或生物效价的强弱,因此构成一个国际单位的物质质量或体积会依所测量的不同物质而异。

以下换算标准仅供参考:

- 泌乳素/PRL:21.2 mIU ≈ 1 μg - [来源](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolactin#Units_and_unit_conversions)

- 卵泡刺激素/FSH:1 IU ≈ 0.11388 mg - [来源](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follicle-stimulating_hormone#Measurement)

- 促黄体素/LH:1 IU ≈ 0.04656 μg LH蛋白 - [来源](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luteinizing_hormone#Normal_levels)
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion content/hrt/monitoring/hormone-check/index.md
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雌二醇:100 ng/L ≈ 367.1 pmol/L。

[激素换算器](https://mtf.wiki/zh-cn/converter/)
[激素换算器] {{< ref "converter" >}}

## 正常值 {#normal-value}

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