Common plots example

content/posts/matlab/common-plots.md

@@ -26,6 +26,171 @@ tocBorder = true
 
 详细介绍每个函数感觉必要性不大，还不如看一些通用的概念，能够更好应对实际应用中可能出现的状况。
 
+
+这有一个小例子，可以展示出了极坐标之外的所有几种常规图形的绘制。可以通过按钮和菜单选择相应的函数，查看相应的图形。
+
+[代码文件下载：plotExample](/matlab-code/common2DPlots.m)
+
+这里把源文件内容也列在这里：
+
+```matlab
+function f = common2DPlots
+f = uifigure(Name='Common 2D Plots', Visible='off', WindowState='minimized');
+movegui(f, 'center');
+g = uigridlayout(f, [1, 1]);
+ax = uiaxes(g, Visible='off');
+ax.Layout.Row = 1;
+ax.Layout.Column = 1;
+
+menu = uimenu(f, Text="Demos");
+tb = uitoolbar(f);
+
+texts = {...
+    "Line Plots", ...
+    "Multiple Lines Plots", ...
+    "Bar Plots", ...
+    "Stairstep Plots", ...
+    "Errorbar Plots", ...
+    "Stem Plots", ...
+    "Scatter Plots", ...
+    "Scatter Colorbar Plots", ...
+    };
+fcns = {...
+    @linePlotFcn, ...
+    @multipleLinePlotFcn, ...
+    @barPlot,...
+    @stairStepPlot, ...
+    @errorBarPlot, ...
+    @stemPlot, ...
+    @scatterPlot, ...
+    @scatterColorPlot, ...
+    };
+n = numel(texts);
+
+for idx = 1:n
+    fn = matlab.lang.makeValidName(texts{idx}) + ".png";
+    
+    if ~exist(fn, 'file')
+        feval(fcns{idx}, ax);
+        exportgraphics(ax, fn, Resolution=10);
+    end
+    
+    cb = makeCallback(fcns{idx}, ax, texts{idx});
+    
+    uimenu(menu, Text=texts{idx}, ...
+        MenuSelectedFcn=cb);
+    uipushtool(tb, Tooltip=texts{idx}, ...
+        Icon=fn, ...
+        ClickedCallback=cb)
+end
+
+uimenu(menu, Text="Quit", ...
+    Accelerator="Q", ...
+    Separator='on', ...
+    MenuSelectedFcn=@(~, ~)close(f));
+
+
+clearAll(ax);
+
+f.WindowState = "normal";
+f.Visible = 'on';
+
+end
+
+function fh = makeCallback(func, ax_handle, textLabel)
+    function retCb(~,  ~)
+        clearAll(ax_handle);
+        feval(func, ax_handle);
+        ax_handle.Title.String = textLabel;
+        ax_handle.Title.FontWeight = 'bold';
+        ax_handle.Title.FontSize = 24;
+        ax_handle.Visible = 'on';
+    end
+fh = @retCb;
+end
+
+
+function clearAll(ax_handle)
+colorbar(ax_handle, 'off');
+cla(ax_handle);
+end
+
+function scatterPlot(ax_handle)
+load patients Height Weight Systolic
+scatter(ax_handle, Height,Weight)
+xlabel(ax_handle,'Height')
+ylabel(ax_handle,'Weight')
+end
+
+function scatterColorPlot(ax_handle)
+load patients Height Weight Systolic
+scatter(ax_handle, Height,Weight, 20,Systolic)
+xlabel(ax_handle,'Height')
+ylabel(ax_handle,'Weight')
+colorbar(ax_handle);
+end
+
+
+function stemPlot(ax_handle)
+x = 0:0.1:4;
+y = sin(x.^2) .* exp(-x);
+stem(ax_handle, x, y);
+end
+
+function polarPlot(ax_handle)
+clearAll(ax_handle);
+theta = 0:0.01:2*pi;
+rho = abs(sin(2*theta) .* cos(2*theta));
+polarplot(ax_handle, theta, rho);
+end
+
+function errorBarPlot(ax_handle)
+x = -2:0.1:2;
+y = erf(x);
+eb = rand(size(x)) / 7;
+errorbar(ax_handle, x, y, eb);
+end
+
+
+function stairStepPlot(ax_handle)
+x = 0:0.25:10;
+y = sin(x);
+stairs(ax_handle, x, y);
+end
+
+function barPlot(ax_handle)
+x = -2.9:0.2:2.9;
+y = exp(-x .* x);
+bar(ax_handle, x, y);
+end
+
+
+function linePlotFcn(ax_handle)
+x = 0:0.05:5;
+y = sin(x.^2);
+plot(ax_handle, x, y);
+end
+
+function multipleLinePlotFcn(ax_handle)
+x = 0:0.05:5;
+y1 = sin(x.^2);
+y2 = cos(x.^2);
+plot(ax_handle, x, y1, x, y2);
+end
+```
+
+而极坐标图，可以通过`polarplot`函数来绘制。
+
+```matlab
+theta = 0:0.01:2*pi;
+rho = abs(sin(2*theta).*cos(2*theta));
+polarplot(theta,rho)
+```
+
+因为极坐标图对应的坐标是`PolarAxes`对象，跟上面这个小小的例子不太容易搞到一起，所以这里就不放在这个例子里面了。
+
+![poloarplot](/matlab-img/polarplot.png)
+
 ## 图形窗口和坐标系
 
 首先对于一个图形，最基本的两个概念就是：

content/posts/matlab/multiple_subplot.md

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ title('4');
 
 
 
-简单的说，子图的编号采取了行先的方式，下面给出一个循环的例子，可以看到，图号按照`n * i + j`的方式编号，其中`n`是行数，`i`是行号，`j`是列号。
+简单的说，子图的编号采取了行先的方式，下面给出一个循环的例子，可以看到，图号按照`n * (i-1) + j`的方式编号，其中`n`是行数，`i`是行号，`j`是列号。
 
 
 ```matlab
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ title('3');
 
 ### 直接调整子图坐标系
 
-那这样一想，我们能不能先分快创建子图坐标系，然后在调整`Position`属性来调整子图的位置呢？当然可以，下面的例子就是这样做的。
+那这样一想，我们能不能先分块创建子图坐标系，然后在调整`Position`属性来调整子图的位置呢？当然可以，下面的例子就是这样做的。
 
 
 ```matlab

static/matlab-code/common2DPlots.m

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+function f = common2DPlots
+f = uifigure(Name='Common 2D Plots', Visible='off', WindowState='minimized');
+movegui(f, 'center');
+g = uigridlayout(f, [1, 1]);
+ax = uiaxes(g, Visible='off');
+ax.Layout.Row = 1;
+ax.Layout.Column = 1;
+
+menu = uimenu(f, Text="Demos");
+tb = uitoolbar(f);
+
+texts = {...
+    "Line Plots", ...
+    "Multiple Lines Plots", ...
+    "Bar Plots", ...
+    "Stairstep Plots", ...
+    "Errorbar Plots", ...
+    "Stem Plots", ...
+    "Scatter Plots", ...
+    "Scatter Colorbar Plots", ...
+    };
+fcns = {...
+    @linePlotFcn, ...
+    @multipleLinePlotFcn, ...
+    @barPlot,...
+    @stairStepPlot, ...
+    @errorBarPlot, ...
+    @stemPlot, ...
+    @scatterPlot, ...
+    @scatterColorPlot, ...
+    };
+n = numel(texts);
+
+for idx = 1:n
+    fn = matlab.lang.makeValidName(texts{idx}) + ".png";
+
+    if ~exist(fn, 'file')
+        feval(fcns{idx}, ax);
+        exportgraphics(ax, fn, Resolution=10);
+    end
+
+    cb = makeCallback(fcns{idx}, ax, texts{idx});
+
+    uimenu(menu, Text=texts{idx}, ...
+        MenuSelectedFcn=cb);
+    uipushtool(tb, Tooltip=texts{idx}, ...
+        Icon=fn, ...
+        ClickedCallback=cb)
+end
+
+uimenu(menu, Text="Quit", ...
+    Accelerator="Q", ...
+    Separator='on', ...
+    MenuSelectedFcn=@(~, ~)close(f));
+
+
+clearAll(ax);
+
+f.WindowState = "normal";
+f.Visible = 'on';
+
+end
+
+function fh = makeCallback(func, ax_handle, textLabel)
+    function retCb(~,  ~)
+        clearAll(ax_handle);
+        feval(func, ax_handle);
+        ax_handle.Title.String = textLabel;
+        ax_handle.Title.FontWeight = 'bold';
+        ax_handle.Title.FontSize = 24;
+        ax_handle.Visible = 'on';
+    end
+fh = @retCb;
+end
+
+
+function clearAll(ax_handle)
+colorbar(ax_handle, 'off');
+cla(ax_handle);
+end
+
+function scatterPlot(ax_handle)
+load patients Height Weight Systolic
+scatter(ax_handle, Height,Weight)
+xlabel(ax_handle,'Height')
+ylabel(ax_handle,'Weight')
+end
+
+function scatterColorPlot(ax_handle)
+load patients Height Weight Systolic
+scatter(ax_handle, Height,Weight, 20,Systolic)
+xlabel(ax_handle,'Height')
+ylabel(ax_handle,'Weight')
+colorbar(ax_handle);
+end
+
+
+function stemPlot(ax_handle)
+x = 0:0.1:4;
+y = sin(x.^2) .* exp(-x);
+stem(ax_handle, x, y);
+end
+
+function polarPlot(ax_handle)
+clearAll(ax_handle);
+theta = 0:0.01:2*pi;
+rho = abs(sin(2*theta) .* cos(2*theta));
+polarplot(ax_handle, theta, rho);
+end
+
+function errorBarPlot(ax_handle)
+x = -2:0.1:2;
+y = erf(x);
+eb = rand(size(x)) / 7;
+errorbar(ax_handle, x, y, eb);
+end
+
+
+function stairStepPlot(ax_handle)
+x = 0:0.25:10;
+y = sin(x);
+stairs(ax_handle, x, y);
+end
+
+function barPlot(ax_handle)
+x = -2.9:0.2:2.9;
+y = exp(-x .* x);
+bar(ax_handle, x, y);
+end
+
+
+function linePlotFcn(ax_handle)
+x = 0:0.05:5;
+y = sin(x.^2);
+plot(ax_handle, x, y);
+end
+
+function multipleLinePlotFcn(ax_handle)
+x = 0:0.05:5;
+y1 = sin(x.^2);
+y2 = cos(x.^2);
+plot(ax_handle, x, y1, x, y2);
+end